THE EXAMPLE WORKSHEETS OF VOLUME OF LIQUID THAT IS SUITABLE FOR YEAR THREE PUPILS

WORKSHEET 1

WORKSHEET 2



WORKSHEET 3




WORKSHEET 4





WORKSHEET 5

WE USE CYLINDERS AND BEAKERS TO

MEASURE AND COMPARE

THE VOLUME OF LIQUID

LIQUID VOLUME MEASURING DEVICES : THE GRADUATED CYLINDER AND BURET

Like weighing, measuring liquid volume is a fundamental and frequently encountered lab task. However, liquid volume is frequently measured using either a graduated cylinder or a buret.As the name implies, a graduated cylinder is a cylindrical glass (or plastic) tube sealed at one end with a calibrated scale etched (or marked) on the outside wall. Graduated cylinders come in a range of sizes (volume capacities), and much like a measuring cup, volume is measured by adding liquid to the cylinder and comparing the liquid level to the graduated scale. The measured volume corresponds to the volume of liquid contained in the cylinder. Hence, the graduated cylinder and devices like it (volumetric flasks, Erlenmeyer flasks, and beakers) are classified as to-contain (TC) devices.

The volume of liquid in the graduated cylinder is obtained directly by reading the calibrated scale. In most situations, the liquid will be water or an aqueous solution. The liquid surface is curved (U-shaped) rather than horizontal due to the relatively strong attractive force between water and glass. (The curved surface is called the meniscus.) As a general rule, the bottom of the meniscus is taken as the liquid level in the cylinder (and any other volume measuring device).

The scale divisions on a graduated cylinder are generally determined by its size. For example, the 50-mL graduated cylinder is divided into 1 mL increments. However, the scale of a 10-mL graduated cylinder is divided into 0.1 mL increments, and the scale of a 500-mL graduated cylinder is divided into 5 mL increments. The graduated cylinder scale is a ruled scale, and it is read like a ruler. The scale is read to one digit beyond the smallest scale division by estimating (interpolating) between these divisions. With a 50-mL graduated cylinder, read (and record) the volume to the nearest 0.1 mL. The 10-mL graduated cylinder scale is read to the nearest 0.01 mL and the 500-mL graduated cylinder scale is read to the nearest milliliter (1 mL).

A buret is a scaled cylindrical tube attached to a stopcock (valve). A buret is designed to dispense or transfer a precisely measured volume of liquid to another container. The volume of liquid dispensed is determined by reading and recording the buret scale which corresponds

HOW CAN WE TEACH OUR PRIMARY CHILDREN
VOLUME OF LIQUID IN MATHEMATICS?

EXAMPLE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING STRATEGIES

LEARNING AREA : Measuring and comparing volumes of liquid

LEARNING OBJECTIVE : Measure and compare volumes of liquid using standard units

LEARNING OUTCOMES : a)Read scales to the nearest division
b)Measure and record volumes of liquid using standard units –
litres and millilitres

TIME : 1 hour

RESOURCES : Beakers, measuring cylinder, measuring jug, etc.
Pictures of measuring jug containing water at different levels.
Textbook Part 2: Pages 58 - 61
Activity Book: Ex. 1, page 113
MyCD

NOBLE VALUES :Teacher should encourage pupils :
i) to be cooperative and tolerant while doing the activity in
class with the other pupils
ii) to work hard and to do well in their studies
iii) to be patient in learning a new lesson
iv) to be brave to try and answer the questions given to them

INDUCTION SET (5 minutes) :
i) Teacher shows a measuring jug, cylinder and beaker.
ii) Use a beaker to pour water into the cylinder and the jug.
iii) Explain to the pupils how to read the volume of liquid to the
nearest division.

STRATEGIES : i) Pupils read scales to the nearest division.
- Teacher shows the pictures of measuring jugs, which are calibrated
at 100 millilitres division (with every division marked with reading

in millilitres).
- Pupils to read it aloud. Check the pupils' overall understanding -
Pick pupils randomly to answer.

ii) Pupils measure and record volumes of liquid

- Pupils fill uncalibrated containers with water (up to any level) and
display their containers.
- Teacher gives pupils 1-litre measuring cylinder that is calibrated into

ten divisions and explains that each division represents 100 millilitres.
- Pupils fill uncalibrated containers with water (up to any level) and

display their containers
- Teacher gives pupils 1-litre measuring cylinder that is calibrated
into ten divisions and explains that each division represents 100
millilitres.
- Ask pupils to pour water from uncalibrated containers into 1-litre
measuring cylinders in 100 millilitres progression
- For every 100 millilitres they say out the volume. E.g. 100
millilitres, 200 millilitres, ...
- Teacher explains that the last marked division represents 1000
millilitres or 1 litre.
- Pupils measure and record volumes of liquid

iii) Pupils do Exercise 1 in the Activity Book

iv) Teacher can print and use worksheets in TCD as an extra activity in the class.

WHAT IS MEANT BY THE VOLUME OF LIQUID ?

The volume of anything is the amount of space it occupies. Volume is also called as capacity. Capacity and volume can be distinguished ; capacity being used for how much container can hold. A liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape. Long ago the standard unit of capacity (volume) in the English system are the cup, pint, quart, gallon, tablespoon and teaspoon. Pint is the smallest unit for volume of liquid. Two pints are equivalent to a quart, and 4 quarts are equivalent to a gallon. Gallon is the basic English unit for volume of liquid. Unit such as barrels and hogsheads were used for larger volumes of liquid.

The names of the traditional volume of units are the names of standard containers. Today the standard unit of capacity in the metric system is the litre(ℓ), millilitre(mℓ), etc. The litre(ℓ) is used for larger volumes and the millilitre(mℓ) is for smaller volumes. measuring cylinders, pipettes, beakers and measuring jugs are some of the tools used to measure the volumes of liquid accurately.

In this topic of volume, Archimedes, a great Greek mathematician and scientist needs to be mentioned. He was the first to find out, that the volume of any solid equals to the amount of water that is displaced. He was given the task to finding out whether his king was cheated of his gold to make the crown. He found the answer when he went for his bath in a tub full of water. In the reservoirs, we need to calculate the storage of water, how much volume of water it can hold and the volume of water needed for the peoples’ consumption is very important.

Petrol and diesel are measured in litres. The amount of money that we pay for petrol is based on the volume of petrol we fill up in litres. Bottle drinks, can drinks and mineral water are available in different volumes. The small – sized bottles are labelled with millilitre(mℓ) and the larger – sized bottles are labeled with litre(ℓ). Household items such as shampoo, perfume and liquid detergent are also labelled with these units.

In our daily activities, we might use a certain fraction of the volume of liquid. For example, we may use ¼ of a bottle of 1 litre orange cordial to prepare a jug of orange – flavoured drink. We can determine this volume in milliliters using mathematical operations.